话说“蜀墅塘”
<!----><style type="text/css">html{font-size:375%}</style><link href="https://pics.app.cnyw.net/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010503" rel="stylesheet" position="1" data-qf-origin="/static/publish/css/style.css?v=1605251010503"><!-- 付费贴--> <div class="preview_article "> <!----> <p>话说“蜀墅塘”</p><p>(整理人:王春江)</p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pics.app.cnyw.net/forum/20240331202229front2_0_802797_FhygHJUnE70izMBC5CP0z410INrw.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" alt="" width="1080" height="615" data-qf-origin="forum/20240331202229front2_0_802797_FhygHJUnE70izMBC5CP0z410INrw.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" /></p><p> 蜀墅塘建于南宋淳熙十一年(1184年),距今已达840年。它位于佛堂镇与赤岸镇交界处。其建筑特色与都江堰有异曲同工之妙,被认为是我国乃至世界上最早的山地型水库的鼻祖。</p><p> 蜀墅塘的缔造者是蜀塘村(今佛堂镇后塘村)始祖王槐。</p><p> 王槐字植三,生于北宋元符二年(1099年)。王槐1151年考中进士,历任大理寺卿兼翰林侍读学士,淳熙十一年(1184年)86岁时告老还乡,回到义乌后塘村。 </p><p> 回乡后,发现其所在后塘村经常洪水泛滥,而一到干旱季节却又面临无水灌溉的窘境。</p><p> 想要彻底改变这一状况,除了兴修水库别无他法。</p><p> 王槐在永康好友(康候)的帮助下,选择了塘山(今赤岸塘边村旁),並利用塘山边上一“飞来石”三个山包呈梯型排列的地势定为蜀墅塘水库的位置。</p><p> 王槐带领乡亲捐资蔬浚水塘,依山筑堤。东西凿石开斗门。水库建成后,周长3600步(古时一步为5尺),大坝顶部可同时开三辆车。同时还设闸门四座。</p><p> 水库的设计绝妙。它以飞来山作为天然屏障,靠山筑坝。堤坝中段的底部建有人工放水用的硎井。坝东西两侧建有渠道,可调节库容和泄洪。下游灌溉分水系统分为三枧九川,各枧都设堰建坝,开渠引水。</p><p> 大坝的设计结构也很精妙,主坝选址与飞来山呈37度,以缓解水流对大坝的冲击。</p><p> 蜀墅塘水面积454.83亩,集雨面积达24.6平方公里。可灌溉3万余亩,灌溉着下游地区的田心畈、毛陈畈、倍力畈的大部分农田。造福下游数十个村庄免遭干旱之苦。成了佛堂乃至义乌的富庶之地。</p><p> 蜀墅塘水利系统也成为了继都江堰、郑国渠、灵渠、它山堰后我国第五大古代水利系统。</p><p> 800多年过去了,如今的蜀墅塘依然风景优美,碧波荡漾,灌溉着下游数十个村庄的绝大多数农田。也成了人们垂钓、休闲、旅游的好去处。</p><p> </p><p> (蜀墅塘现已成为义乌市的重点文物保护单位。)</p><p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pics.app.cnyw.net/forum/20240331202250front2_0_802797_FvJWBGh77UoxgZPW1XsOg1JEd4Dr.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" alt="" width="856" height="640" data-qf-origin="forum/20240331202250front2_0_802797_FvJWBGh77UoxgZPW1XsOg1JEd4Dr.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" /></p><p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pics.app.cnyw.net/forum/20240331202250front2_0_802797_FjTnlEzSKlkpKBP4zIMiVa7xAuz9.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" alt="" width="640" height="856" data-qf-origin="forum/20240331202250front2_0_802797_FjTnlEzSKlkpKBP4zIMiVa7xAuz9.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" /></p><p class="empty_paragraph"> </p><p class="qf_image big noneditable" contenteditable="false"><img src="https://pics.app.cnyw.net/forum/20240331202314front2_0_802797_FjwDCsMZGJ-xYByZ-D6F7veAeH-S.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" alt="" width="720" height="478" data-qf-origin="forum/20240331202314front2_0_802797_FjwDCsMZGJ-xYByZ-D6F7veAeH-S.jpg?watermark/1/image/aHR0cDovL3BpY3MuYXBwLmNueXcubmV0L18yMDE5MDQyNTA5MTYwMF81Y2MxMGE1MDc5ZjY2LnBuZw==/dissolve/100/gravity/SouthEast" /></p><p> </p><p> </p> <!----></div> 历史长河里,王槐留下了辉煌的一页! 蜀墅塘水利系统也成为了继都江堰、郑国渠、灵渠、它山堰后我国第五大古代水利系统。了不起啊:victory::victory::victory::victory::victory::victory:
观蜀水塘有感
依山顺势筑堤坝,
精巧设计显奇葩。
王槐为民修水利,
造福一方千万家。
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